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Deadly dapperling (Lepiota brunneoincarnata), whole fruiting body
Chaym Turak · CC BY-SA 4.0
Deadly poisonous

Deadly dapperling

Lepiota brunneoincarnata · Agaricaceae

A deadly species that looks like a parasol but is far smaller, with a cap covered in pinkish-brown scales and brown bands on the stem.

Last updated: Prepared by the Poros Mantar editorial team6 sources checkedReport a correction

FamilyAgaricaceae
SeasonSep–Nov
Spore printWhite
Cap width2–5 cm
Stem length3–6 cm
Records in Turkey1 records
CultivationWild only
StatusDeadly poisonous

A deadly species that looks like a parasol but is far smaller, with a cap covered in pinkish-brown scales and brown bands on the stem. It contains the same toxins as the death cap (amatoxins), which is why small parasol-like mushrooms are never picked.

Also called: deadly parasol Turkish: Ölümcül lepiota, küçük şemsiye mantarı, zehirli lepiota

Deadly dapperling (Lepiota brunneoincarnata), whole fruiting body

How to recognise it

Deadly dapperling, part by part

No volva Spore print: White Faintly fruity or indistinct.

Deadly dapperling (Lepiota brunneoincarnata), cap seen from above
Cap2–5 cm, convex to flat; pinkish-brown to wine-coloured scales on a cream background, darker in the centre.
Deadly dapperling (Lepiota brunneoincarnata), gills under the cap, seen from below
GillsFree, white to cream gills.
Deadly dapperling (Lepiota brunneoincarnata), stem and stem base
Stem3–6 cm, cream; pinkish-brown bands and scales on the lower half.
Deadly dapperling (Lepiota brunneoincarnata), whole fruiting body
RingAn indistinct ring zone that soon disappears.

When and where

Sep–Nov

  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sepin season
  10. Octin season
  11. Novin season
  12. Dec

The deadly dapperling fruits in autumn; the single Turkish GBIF record dates from October.

Type Poisonous

Months seen SeptemberOctoberNovember

Colour PinkBrown

Regions Marmara RegionKocaeli

Where does deadly dapperling grow?

The deadly dapperling grows in grass, parks, gardens and woodland edges, in grassy, humus-rich soil.

Where is deadly dapperling found in Turkey?

The deadly dapperling has one GBIF record in Turkey (Yalova). Small Lepiota species have been reported among the causes of amatoxin poisoning in Turkey.

Which months

  1. Jan0
  2. Feb0
  3. Mar0
  4. Apr0
  5. May0
  6. Jun0
  7. Jul0
  8. Aug0
  9. Sep0
  10. Oct1
  11. Nov0
  12. Dec0

1 provinces, 1 observations (GBIF, iNaturalist); months from observation dates. Record density also reflects where observers work.

Latest deadly dapperling observations

On "illustrative" cards the image is a photo of the species; the observation photo cannot be shown here because of its licence, but can be seen at the source.

Deadly dapperling (Lepiota brunneoincarnata), in its natural habitat
In its habitat

Look-alikes

What is it mistaken for?

Deadly dapperling can be mistaken for the species below. Each card shows the look-alike and how it differs from Deadly dapperling.

Deadly dapperling (Lepiota brunneoincarnata), whole fruiting body
This species Deadly dapperling
Parasol mushroom (Macrolepiota procera), whole fruiting body Edible species

not Deadly dapperling

Parasol mushroom Macrolepiota procera

Cap 10–25 cm, stem 15–30 cm with a snakeskin pattern, and a thick movable ring. A small young parasol can be confused with the deadly dapperling, so parasol-like mushrooms with caps under 10 cm are never picked.

Field mushroom (Agaricus campestris), whole fruiting body Edible species

not Deadly dapperling

Field mushroom Agaricus campestris

Also grows in grass, but its gills turn from pink to chocolate brown and its spore print is brown.

Stinking dapperling (Lepiota cristata) Poisonous

not Deadly dapperling

Stinking dapperling Lepiota cristata

Smaller, with orange-brown scales on a white cap and a sharp unpleasant smell; also poisonous.

Shaggy parasol (Chlorophyllum rhacodes), whole fruiting body Inedible

not Deadly dapperling

Shaggy parasol Chlorophyllum rhacodes

Cap 7–15 cm with large upturned scales; the stem has a distinct bulb at the base and a movable double ring, and the flesh turns orange-red when cut. Young, small ones can be mistaken for dapperlings, so small parasol-like mushrooms are never picked.

White dapperling (Leucocoprinus leucothites), whole fruiting body Inedible

not Deadly dapperling

White dapperling Leucocoprinus leucothites

The white dapperling is larger, with a smooth white cap without scales and no brown bands on the stem.

Toxins

The deadly dapperling contains amatoxins (alpha-amanitin), as the death cap does. Source

Frequently asked questions

Is the deadly dapperling poisonous?

Yes, it is deadly. It contains the same amatoxins as the death cap and causes severe liver damage. Cooking, drying or freezing does not destroy the toxins.

How do you tell a parasol from the deadly dapperling?

The parasol has a 10–25 cm cap, a snakeskin-patterned stem and a thick movable ring. The deadly dapperling is 2–5 cm with pinkish-brown bands on the stem. Never pick any parasol-like mushroom with a cap under 10 cm.

Does the deadly dapperling grow in Turkey?

Yes. There is a GBIF record from Yalova, and small Lepiota species have been reported among the causes of amatoxin poisoning in Turkey.

Where does the deadly dapperling grow?

In grass, parks, gardens and woodland edges, in grassy, humus-rich soil: exactly where field mushrooms and parasols are picked.

When do symptoms start?

Vomiting and diarrhoea start after 6–24 hours, often followed by a false recovery while liver damage continues. If in doubt call 112 or 114 without waiting for symptoms.

When does it appear?

In autumn, between September and November; the Turkish record is from October.

Is deadly dapperling poisonous?

Yes, deadly dapperling is deadly poisonous and must never be eaten. In deadly dapperling poisoning, vomiting and diarrhoea start 6–24 hours later, followed by a false recovery, while the real liver damage develops over the next days. Go to hospital without waiting for symptoms.

When is deadly dapperling season in Turkey?

In our calendar, deadly dapperling season runs Sep–Nov. The deadly dapperling fruits in autumn; the single Turkish GBIF record dates from October.

Where does deadly dapperling grow?

The deadly dapperling grows in grass, parks, gardens and woodland edges, in grassy, humus-rich soil.

Where is deadly dapperling found in Turkey?

The deadly dapperling has one GBIF record in Turkey (Yalova). Small Lepiota species have been reported among the causes of amatoxin poisoning in Turkey.

What can deadly dapperling be confused with?

Deadly dapperling can be confused with parasol (Macrolepiota procera, edible species), field mushroom (Agaricus campestris, edible species), stinking dapperling (Lepiota cristata, poisonous), shaggy parasol (Chlorophyllum rhacodes, inedible) and white dapperling (Leucocoprinus leucothites, inedible). Look-alikes are compared on this page.

What is deadly dapperling called in Turkish?

In Turkish, deadly dapperling (Lepiota brunneoincarnata) is called Ölümcül lepiota; other local names include küçük şemsiye mantarı and zehirli lepiota.

Related species

All species → · Identify by photo →

Sources

  1. Sun ve ark. (2019), Toxicon: Lepiota brunneoincarnata zehirlenmesi vaka çalışması pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  2. Adanacıoğlu ve ark. (2014), ANADOLU (Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü): Türkiye makromantar genetik kaynakları I. Ege Bölgesi dergipark.org.tr
  3. Wikipedia (EN): Lepiota brunneoincarnata en.wikipedia.org
All sources (6)
  1. First Nature: Lepiota brunneoincarnata first-nature.com
  2. GBIF: Türkiye kayıtları gbif.org
  3. iNaturalist: Türkiye gözlemleri inaturalist.org
Photo credits (8)